{"id":3429,"date":"2025-01-17T18:14:39","date_gmt":"2025-01-17T17:14:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.geopolitics.fr\/?p=3429"},"modified":"2025-01-17T18:14:42","modified_gmt":"2025-01-17T17:14:42","slug":"syria-in-syria-civil-society-mobilizes-against-a-return-to-authoritarianism","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.geopolitics.fr\/en\/2025\/01\/17\/syrie-suite-en-syrie-la-societe-civile-se-mobilise-contre-un-retour-a-lautoritarisme\/","title":{"rendered":"[Syrie, suite] En Syrie, la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile se mobilise contre un retour \u00e0 l&rsquo;autoritarisme"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><em>In the courtyard of a traditional Damascus house, activists gather and discuss the role they intend to play at the heart of the \u00abnew Syria.\u00bb For many of them repressed under Bashar al-Assad, civil society is determined to assert itself in this turn in Syria and to prevent any return to authoritarian rule.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Since the overthrow of Bashar al-Assad by a radical Islamist movement on December 8, following an armed offensive, Damascus is bustling with discussions and public gatherings that were once forbidden, leading to emotional reunions between activists who remained in the country and those who returned from exile, sometimes under duress.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">The first sign of a return to relative calm came on January 4, when the leaders of a community platform bringing together dozens of civil society organizations, titled \u00abMadaniya,\u00bb met with the new Syrian leader, Ahmad al-Chareh, to present their grievances.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">\u00ab&nbsp;<em>We emphasized the essential role that civil society must play in the political transition<\/em>&nbsp;\u00bb,\" assures Madaniya Sawsan Abou Zainedin, the executive director, summing up this meeting during a press conference of the collective.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">\u00ab&nbsp;<em>We emphasized the need not to designate people from just one camp.<\/em> <em>within the transitional authority<\/em>&nbsp;\u00bb,\" she added, while the new strongman of Syria has already appointed his loyalists to key positions in his transitional government.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Sawsan Abou Zaineddin, who met the new Syrian leader alongside the founder of Madaniya, the Syrian-British businessman Ayman Asfari, indicates that they even discussed the \u00abproblem\u00bb of the \u00abappointment of foreign jihadists\u00bb within the key Ministry of Defense.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Although the profile of the new judge has already turned the wheels of the world over, no one is fooled: Ahmad al-Chareh is the armed leader of a radical Islamist group, Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS). Of course, the surprise comes more from the one who claims to have broken with jihadism. And he has done so.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">However, on the other hand, and after donning the respectable state-man\u2019s tie, the latter did not tremble in the least and even less conspired to appoint at least six foreign jihadists to command positions within the future army, which he intends to form after the dissolution of the armed groups in the country, fragmented by a civil war that has claimed more than half a million lives in 13 years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-un-absence-de-regles-constitutionnelles-prevoyant-une-transition\"><strong>The absence of constitutional rules providing for a transition<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">The head of Madaniya also emphasizes that they have demanded \u00ababsolute transparency\u00bb in the preparation of the national dialogue conference that the government intends to hold, and in particular in the selection of the participants.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">In response and apparently in a conciliatory tone, the new Foreign Minister Assaad al-Chaibani, on the other hand, assured that an expanded commission would be created to prepare for this conference, the date of which has not yet been announced.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">\u00ab&nbsp;<em>We are in a situation of constitutional vacuum, in a period of transition after 62 years of rule by the Baas party<\/em>&nbsp;\u00bb\", explains the lawyer Abdulhay Sayed to AFP, the new authorities having frozen the Constitution and the Parliament.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">And for the more seasoned jurist, caution is the order of the day. He is also one of the more than 300 signatories of a petition calling for free elections in the Bar Association, where, without much consultation, the new authorities have already appointed a new president of the bar, replacing the one imposed by the former regime.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">He emphasizes that the dialogue conference will be \u00abcrucial\u00bb provided that civil society organizations and trade unions are invited to it, which would enable the establishment of a \u00abcounter-power\u00bb and prevent a return to authoritarianism. In clearer terms, but not daring to say it too loudly: a democratic regime.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">\u00ab&nbsp;<em>The conference is to establish a roadmap for an electoral law to elect a constituent assembly within a year. This assembly will be tasked with drafting a permanent Constitution and may subsequently transform itself into a parliament.<\/em>&nbsp;\u00bb, he recommends.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Two rooms, two atmospheres: after the episode of the handshake refused to the German emissary during the first visit of a European delegation, recently the new Syrian leader stated in an interview given to the al-Arabiya channel that the holding of elections could take no less than four years! While the country is thirsting for freedom and renewal on all levels, time may seem very long...<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-les-femmes-veulent-egalement-prendre-part-a-la-societe-en-devenir\"><strong>Women also want to participate in the emerging society<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">The government, however, seeks to reassure Syrians and the international community regarding the respect of minority rights in a multiethnic and multi-confessional country.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">The same call for participation is echoed by women who gathered on January 8 in Damascus at a congress of the \u00abSyrian feminist political movement\u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">\u00ab&nbsp;<em>We want and dream of a state of law&nbsp;<\/em>\u00bbone of the participants, the lawyer Joumana Seif, who works on war crimes in Syria, told AFP.\".<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">This lawyer whose father, MP Riad Seif, was imprisoned by Bashar al-Assad, emphasizes that women \u00abhave a great role to play\u00bb in the new Syria and want \u00aban active participation in the national dialogue conference.\".<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">\u00ab&nbsp;<em>We do not want a new oppressor<\/em>&nbsp;\u00bbThat's what I want,\" launched Wajdan Nassif, a militant and writer, who had gone into exile after being detained.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">\u00ab&nbsp;<em>We no longer want to see prisons. Syrian women want to participate fully (\u2026) in the new era in Syria and we do not want the re-emergence of the terrible past.<\/em>&nbsp;\u00bb.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In the courtyard of a traditional house in Damascus, activists are gathered and exchange ideas about the role they intend to play at the heart of the city...<\/p>","protected":false},"author":93,"featured_media":3431,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[5,4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3429","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-international","category-mis-en-avant"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.1 (Yoast SEO v28.8) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>[Syrie, suite] En Syrie, la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile se 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