{"id":3935,"date":"2026-03-31T10:24:37","date_gmt":"2026-03-31T08:24:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.geopolitics.fr\/?p=3935"},"modified":"2026-03-31T10:24:39","modified_gmt":"2026-03-31T08:24:39","slug":"%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%a9-%d8%b5%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%b9%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a3%d8%ac%d9%84-%d8%aa%d9%86%d9%85%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a8%d9%86%d9%86","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.geopolitics.fr\/ar\/2026\/03\/31\/politique-industrielle-pour-le-developpement-lecons-du-cas-beninois\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629: \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0646."},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 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\u201c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0646\u201d \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f\u062c<br>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0646<br>4: SikaFinance (2022): \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 300 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0643 CFA \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627<br>\u201d\u0628\u0646\u0646\u201d \u2013 SikaFinance. \u064a\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 300 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0643 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0646\u064a<br>5: \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 (2025): \u201c\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2025: \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0646\u201d<br>\u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631\u201d. \u2013 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629. \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 2025 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a<br>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0622\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644<br>6: \u0647\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0646\u063a\u0627 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 (2019): \u201c\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0640\u064a\u0646. \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646: \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629\u201d.<br>\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0646.\u201d \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a. \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 OPM<br>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 5<br>7: \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a (2024): \u201c\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629\u201d. \u2013 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a<br>\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a. \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a: \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f 2024\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 339<br>(2024)<br>8: \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a (2023): \u201c\u0628\u0646\u0646: \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u201d. \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0646<br>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642. \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0646: \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u061b \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0642\u0645 23\/382\u061b \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648<br>10, 2023<br>9: \u0623\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0625\u064a \u0648\u062f\u064a\u0643\u0633\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0623. (2024): \u201c\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629\u201d \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u0641\u0648\u0631\u062f<br>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629. \u0634\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 | Oxford Academic<br>10: \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a (2023): \u201c\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u201d \u2013 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0646. \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0646<br>\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 | TheGlobalEconomy.com<br>11: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a (2024): \u201c\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0646: \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2024\u201d. \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a<br>Group.documents.worldbank.org\/en\/publication\/documentsreports\/documentdetail\/099932001032536652<br>12: \u0643\u064a\u063a\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u063a (2020): \u201c\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a<br>\u201d\u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627\u201d. \u2013 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629. wcms_792078.pdf<br>13: \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a (2005): \u201c\u0628\u0646\u0646: \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631<br>\u0648\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u201d. \u2013 \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a. \u0628\u0646\u0646: \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a<br>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 - \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646\u061b \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a<br>\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a\u061b \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0646\u061b \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a<br>\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f \u0631\u0642\u0645 05\/288\u061b 22 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 2005<br>14: \u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0634 (2024) \u201c\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c 1820-2020 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649<br>\u201d\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629.\u201d \u2013 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u201c\u0648\u0631\u0644\u062f \u062f\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0645\u0646\u062a\u201d. \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c 1820\u20132020<br>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u2013 ScienceDirect<br>15: \u0647\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 (2022): \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644<br>\u201d\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c 1990-2015\u201d \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629<br>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644<br>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626\u060c 1990\u20132015 \u2013 ScienceDirect<br>16: \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u060c \u0641. (2025): \u201c\u0628\u0646\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639 100 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631\u201d<br>\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0643 CFA\u201d. \u2013 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0646. \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646<br>\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 100 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0643 CFA \u2013 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0646<br>17: \u0623\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u063a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0646 - \u0644\u0648\u064a\u0633 (2025): \u201c\u0628\u0646\u0640\u064a\u0640\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0647<br>\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2026. \u201d \u2013 \u0631\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u062a\u064f\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647\u2026<\/p>","protected":false},"author":5634,"featured_media":3936,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[5,4],"tags":[544,580,581,582],"class_list":["post-3935","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-international","category-mis-en-avant","tag-benin","tag-coton","tag-developpement","tag-industrie"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.1 (Yoast SEO 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