{"id":3558,"date":"2025-02-22T18:08:10","date_gmt":"2025-02-22T17:08:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.geopolitics.fr\/?p=3558"},"modified":"2025-02-22T18:08:13","modified_gmt":"2025-02-22T17:08:13","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%af%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b7%d9%88%d8%b1-%d8%aa%d8%ae%d8%b6%d8%b9-%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%88%d8%a7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.geopolitics.fr\/ar\/2025\/02\/22\/laide-au-developpement-a-lepreuve-des-nouvelles-realites-geopolitiques\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0641\u064a 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\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u061f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-une-solidarite-internationale-en-peril\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0637\u0631<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629\u064c \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0651\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 0.7% % \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062d\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-les-causes-de-la-reduction-de-l-apd-un-desengagement-aux-consequences-lourdes\"><strong>\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c 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class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-impact-sur-les-pays-en-developpement-des-services-essentiels-menaces\"><strong>\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u062f\u062f\u0629<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0647\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0629 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class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645<\/strong> : \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u064a\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0647\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u062c\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627. \u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u062d\u0627\u062d<\/strong> : \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u064a\u0647\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629. \u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0651\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u063a\u0630\u0651\u064a \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u0631\u063a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0636\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">\u0641\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0625\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627: \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0635 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0645\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627. \u0625\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u062c\u0627\u0630\u0628\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628\u060c \u062a\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0648\u0641 \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-l-approche-chinoise-le-pari-des-infrastructures\"><strong>\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646: \u0631\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0626 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0633\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u064a\u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0647\u062c \u062e\u0627\u0644\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-l-influence-russe-une-strategie-axee-sur-le-militaire-et-les-ressources\"><strong>\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627: <\/strong><strong>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f <\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0646\u0647\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 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\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0624\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a. \u0648\u062a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u0644\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u060c \u064a\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0646\u0647\u064f\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0634\u0631\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-vers-une-nouvelle-approche-de-la-cooperation-internationale\"><strong>\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0647\u062c \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f 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id=\"h-des-retraits-aux-consequences-dramatiques-des-exemples-concrets-nbsp\"><strong>\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0648\u062e\u064a\u0645\u0629: \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0629&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 100 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